Health
What distinguishes acute from chronic asthma: warning signs and management advice
The respiratory symptoms of asthma, which can vary in intensity and duration, include wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and tightness in the chest. Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airways. After receiving a diagnosis, an individual with asthma will experience intermittent symptoms. The condition can manifest in a number of ways, including acute flare-ups, chronic intermittent asthma, or stable asthma.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) states that asthma is a chronic lung condition that affects individuals of all ages. It is brought on by inflammation, mucus buildup, and muscle constriction around the airways, which makes breathing more difficult for people.
“Flare-up/Acute asthma can be precipitated by a recent viral illness, sudden change in temperature, exposure to fumes, strenuous exercises, emotional states like anxiety or stress, and stoppage of using inhalers,” said Dr. Anusha CM, Consultant in Respiratory Medicine at Manipal Hospital in Malleshwaram, during an interview. These acute symptom episodes typically begin suddenly and require immediate medical attention.
Describe acute asthma.
In response, Dr. Anusha CM said, “Inflammation and blockage of your medium and small size airways are the main causes of an acute asthma flare-up. Patients report chest tightness as a result of a narrowing and restricted airflow caused by an increase in the muscular thickness of their airways. A few minutes can pass between a mild and severe attack, but a few hours to a few days. Symptoms of acute flare-ups include chest tightness, coughing, wheezing, and coughing. Acute asthma needs immediate medical management at the hospital.”
Expertizing on the subject, Dr. Vivek Nangia, Principal Director and Head of Pulmonology at Max Super Speciality Hospital in Saket, New Delhi, stated that “acute asthma, also known as an asthma exacerbation or flare, is characterised by a progressive decrease in lung function and a progressive increase in symptoms of shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, or chest tightness.” These flares can be lethal and necessitate hospitalisation or emergency visits. Coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and tightness in the chest are some of the symptoms. Over time, these symptoms may become more or less severe. With the appropriate care, asthma may be controlled even though it can be a serious condition.
CHRONIC ASTHMA: WHAT IS IT?
“It’s a condition where acute asthma gets worse with time and becomes resistant to the usual line of management,” explained Dr Anusha CM. Chronic asthma can be brought on by respiratory virus infections, dust mites in the home, pollens, air pollution, fumes, stress, anxiety, and abrupt physical activity, among other things.
“Chronic is a term that is used to refer to anything that is long standing, but it is no longer used when referring to bronchial asthma,” Dr. Vivek Nangia clarified. Asthma symptomatic control states are currently referred to by three terms: severe asthma, difficult to manage, and uncontrolled asthma. Poor symptom management and recurrent exacerbations or worsening of symptoms are considered indicators of uncontrolled asthma.
He went on, “A patient with difficult-to-treat asthma is one who still experiences symptoms even after taking medium- to high-dose medications.” It does not imply a “tough patient.” Many patients may see asthma as being difficult to manage due to modifiable variables like smoking, comorbidities, improper inhaler technique, poor adherence, or an inaccurate diagnosis. A subgroup of patients with severe asthma are those who do not improve with high doses of medication even when the diagnosis has been confirmed, adherence to treatment has been ensured, inhalation technique has been corrected, and comorbidities have been addressed. These individuals ought to be assessed for the recently approved drugs known as biologic treatments.
WAYS TO TAKE CARE OF CHRONIC ASTHMA?
“Medications mainly include Inhaled bronchodilators, leukotriene antagonists, immunotherapy, biologicals, etc.” Dr. Anusha CM recommended. It is customised according to the severity and state of the patients. All of them seek to lower inflammation and manage symptoms, with the exception of immunotherapy, which modifies the body’s reaction to allergens. Even though it’s frequently thought of as a treatable condition, asthma is a complicated medical condition that can have disastrous results if left untreated.”
“If you have asthma, it’s important to understand the hazards associated with having the condition,” she said in her conclusion. In the end, the only way to differentiate between acute and chronic asthma symptoms is to see a doctor. They are able to identify any underlying problems and help you decide what to do next. Asthma shouldn’t prevent you from enjoying life. With the right course of treatment as advised by your pulmonologist, you can lead a healthy, fulfilling life with asthma.”
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Fashion
In a lavender Manish Malhotra saree, Hania Aamir sports her most gorgeous ethnic ensemble to date. View its astounding cost.
Hania Aamir serves stunning ethnic fashion inspiration in lavender Manish Malhotra tissue saree. Wondering how much it costs? Scroll down for all the details.
Hania Aamir is leaving fashion lovers spellbound with her stunning ethnic diaries. The Pakistani actor has been rocking back-to-back traditional outfits by Indian designers, turning her Insta feed into a goldmine of fashion inspo. For her latest look, the 27-year-old slipped into six yards of grace and looked straight out of a royal fairytale. Let’s break down her saree look and steal some style tips for your ethnic wardrobe. Hania Aamir stuns in lavender saree
On Monday, Hania took to Instagram and uploaded a series of gorgeous snaps accompanied by the caption “gave mermaid.” Draped in a dreamy lavender saree, the star looked absolutely breathtaking while serving some striking glam poses. Let’s take a moment to soak in her ethereal beauty.
Hania’s saree is crafted from luxurious tissue fabric and features intricately embroidered borders, showcasing stunning zari work, beads, and sequin detailing throughout. Draped to perfection, she let the pallu elegantly cascade from her shoulder, adding a regal charm to her look. She teamed it up with a matching embroidered blouse, complete with delicate handmade tassels at the back.
How much does her saree cost?
Can’t stop swooning over Hania’s gorgeous saree? We’ve got all the details you need to add this stunner to your collection. Her six yards is straight from the shelves of ace designer Manish Malhotra and is priced at ₹3,95,000.
Hania accessorised her ethnic look with dazzling diamond jewellery, including statement drop earrings, a chic choker necklace, a sleek bracelet, and a stunning ring adorning her finger. Her dewy makeup featured shimmer eyeshadow, winged eyeliner, mascara-coated lashes, blushed cheeks, a luminous highlighter, and glossy nude lipstick. With her long, luscious tresses left loose in a side partition, she perfectly finished off her look.
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Health
Knowing the main distinctions and risks between HMPV and COVID-19.
As India logs 5 cases of HMPV, here’s all you need to know about how human metapneumovirus is different from Covid-19 and warning signs to watch out for.
HMPV virus is not a novel virus – it was first isolated in 2001 by Van den Hoogen and her colleagues in Netherlands in the nasopharyngeal secretions of children with respiratory tract infections. The virus was named human metapneumovirus because it was a metapneumovirus that used humans as a host.
The human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a common respiratory virus that typically causes mild cold-like symptoms. Studies show it has circulated in human populations since the 1970s, though it was first identified by scientists in 2001.
The virus accounts for 4-16% of acute respiratory infections globally, with cases usually peaking between November and May. While most adults have developed immunity through previous exposure, hMPV can cause more severe symptoms in infants encountering it for the first time and in people with weakened immune systems.
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Sangeeta V Budur, Consultant – Paediatrics and Paediatric Intensive Care at Aster RV Hospital, shared, “It is known to cause a range of illnesses from mild upper respiratory infections to severe pneumonia , bronchiolitis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. About 5 to 25% of the acute pediatric lower respiratory tract infections are associated with HMPV. The viral outbreaks peak in winter and spring season in northern hemisphere and June and July in southern hemisphere.”
Who are the vulnerable population?
Dr Sangeeta V Budur revealed, “No age group is immune to the virus, reinfection occurs throughout the life but subsequent infections are mild. Infants, children under 2 years, elderly, Immuno-compromised persons or those with underlying chronic medical conditions are more vulnerable to the severe disease. The HMPV infection appears to be ubiquitous, as virtually all children are exposed by the age of 5 years.”
How does it spread?
According to Dr Sangeeta V Budur, just like any other respiratory illness, HMPV spread via respiratory droplets i.e. coughing, sneezing or contact with infected secretions.
How is it different from Covid -19 ?
Dr Sangeeta V Budur informed, “Both viruses cause minor respiratory symptoms in most of the infected people but Covid -19 has a broader spectrum of symptoms involving multiple body systems and a higher potential for systemic complications. The comparison between the two viruses is difficult though the spread is through the droplets via the respiratory route in both. HMPV is less transmittable and has less severe symptoms as compared to Covid-19.”
What are the symptoms of HMPV virus?
Dr Sangeeta V Budur answered, “Most of the symptoms are mild flu like lasting 5- 7 days requiring outpatient visits. But in children under five , HMPV is responsible for 3-10% of hospital admissions. Among the hospitalized children high grade fever, respiratory distress, wheezing rare the predominant symptoms.”
What are the respiratory illnesses caused by HMPV?
As per Dr Sangeeta V Budur, HMPV is mainly known to cause upper respiratory tract infection in most of the children but bronchiolitis, severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome in few which require hospitalization, oxygen therapy including mechanical ventilation.
How to diagnose HMPV infection?
Dr Sangeeta V Budur highlighted, “Diagnosing HMPV based solely on symptoms is difficult, as it mimics other respiratory infections like respiratory syncytial virus( RSV) and influenza. PCR testing on nasopharyngeal secretions for detecting HMPV RNA is the gold standard. In India, surveillance systems like ICMR and the Integrated disease surveillance Programme( IDSP) regularly test for respiratory viruses including HMPV.”
What are treatment options for HMPV?
There is no specific antiviral drug available. Dr Sangeeta V Budur said, “Treatment is mainly symptomatic and supportive with antipyretics and antihistaminics. Hospitalised children may need oxygen therapy , nebulizations and rarely mechanical ventilation among the severely infected.”
What are preventive measures for HMPV?
As of now there is no targeted therapy/vaccine available for HMPV. Dr Sangeeta V Budur suggested, “Proper hand hygiene – washing hands frequently with soap and water for at least 30 seconds. Cough etiquette such as covering the nose and mouth while sneezing and coughing, wearing a mask can limit the spread of the virus. Avoiding close contact with infected individuals, regularly disinfecting touched surfaces are additional measures.”
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Health
HMPV: Bengaluru Hospital’s 8-month-old is said to have tested positive.
The infant and its family had no history of recent travel and did not show any symptoms of concern.
The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has confirmed two cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in Karnataka, identified through routine surveillance for respiratory viral pathogens.
As part of ongoing efforts to monitor respiratory illnesses nationwide, the ICMR detected these two cases. One case involves an eight-month-old male infant in Bengaluru, whose sample collected on January 2 tested positive for HMPV. According to sources in the BBMP (Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike) health department, the infant and their family had no recent travel history and showed no concerning symptoms.
The second case involves a three-month-old female infant with a history of bronchopneumonia, who tested positive for HMPV after being admitted to Baptist Hospital in Bengaluru. She has since been discharged and is recovering, the Union Health ministry said.
HMPV primarily affects children and is known to be present in about 0.7 per cent of flu cases globally. However, Karnataka health officials have stated that they lack detailed information on the specific strain in question.
Responding to the developments, Karnataka Health Minister Dinesh Gundu Rao said on Monday, “This is not India’s first case. The virus has been around for years, but this could be a new strain. More details are needed to ascertain that.”
What is HMPV?
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) has recently garnered attention due to videos and reports circulating on social media, suggesting that hospitals in China are overwhelmed by a surge in respiratory illnesses, including HMPV. Posts also claim that outbreaks of multiple viruses, including HMPV, influenza A, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and COVID-19, have contributed to overcrowding in both hospitals and cemeteries.
HMPV, first identified in 2001 by researchers in the Netherlands, is a significant cause of acute respiratory infections, according to the American Lung Association. The virus primarily spreads through close contact with infected individuals, either through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing, or by touching contaminated surfaces such as doorknobs or toys.
In the United States, HMPV typically circulates more frequently during the winter and spring months, overlapping with other respiratory infections like Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and the flu.
Symptoms of HMPV
The symptoms of HMPV can vary in severity and commonly include cough, fever, runny or stuffy nose, and sore throat. Some individuals may also experience wheezing and shortness of breath (dyspnea). In certain cases, a rash may develop as part of the infection.
According to Google Trends, searches for ‘HMPV virus symptoms’ surged on Sunday and peaked on Monday. Related queries included ‘fatigue,’ ‘fatigue meaning,’ ‘HPV virus cases in India news,’ ‘nasal congestion,’ and ‘HMPV virus in Bangalore’. Most searches originated from Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh. The spike followed reports of two HMPV cases detected in Karnataka on Monday.
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